| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| Markos Poulopoulos, Cheryl Water. Carbidopa/levodopa/entacapone: the evidence for its place in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Core evidence. vol 5. 2011-07-14. PMID:20694135. |
in the 1960s, it was shown that the degeneration of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra (sn) caused the motor features of pd. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Shuwen Cao, Shaji Theodore, David G Standaer. Fcγ receptors are required for NF-κB signaling, microglial activation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in an AAV-synuclein mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Molecular neurodegeneration. vol 5. 2011-07-14. PMID:20977765. |
to test this hypothesis, we employed adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (aav2) to selectively over-express human α-syn in the substantia nigra (sn) of wild-type mice and fcγr-/- mice, which lack high-affinity receptors for igg. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| B Lin, S Levy, A P Raval, M A Perez-Pinzon, R A Defazi. Forebrain ischemia triggers GABAergic system degeneration in substantia nigra at chronic stages in rats. Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology. vol 2010. 2011-07-14. PMID:20981346. |
following neuronal loss of 30-40% in central and dorsolateral striatum at day 3, neuronal damage in the substantia nigra (sn) was assessed at 4-8 weeks using immunohistochemistry for glutamate decarboxylase 67 (gad67), vesicular gaba transporter (vgat), and calretinin (cr). |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| James B Koprich, Tom H Johnston, M Gabriela Reyes, Xuan Sun, Jonathan M Brotchi. Expression of human A53T alpha-synuclein in the rat substantia nigra using a novel AAV1/2 vector produces a rapidly evolving pathology with protein aggregation, dystrophic neurite architecture and nigrostriatal degeneration with potential to model the pathology of Parkinson's disease. Molecular neurodegeneration. vol 5. 2011-07-14. PMID:21029459. |
the pathological hallmarks of parkinson's disease (pd) include the presence of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) rich lewy bodies and neurites and the loss of dopaminergic (da) neurons of the substantia nigra (sn). |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Jennifer Barber-Singh, Byoung Boo Seo, Akemi Matsuno-Yagi, Takao Yag. Protective Role of rAAV-NDI1, Serotype 5, in an Acute MPTP Mouse Parkinson's Model. Parkinson's disease. vol 2011. 2011-07-14. PMID:21188192. |
using recombinant adenoassociated virus vectors (serotype 5) carrying our ndi1 gene, we were able to express the ndi1 protein in the substantia nigra (sn) of c57bl/6 mice with an expression period of two months. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Alison I Bernstein, Sean P Garrison, Gerard P Zambetti, Karen L O'Malle. 6-OHDA generated ROS induces DNA damage and p53- and PUMA-dependent cell death. Molecular neurodegeneration. vol 6. issue 1. 2011-07-14. PMID:21211034. |
parkinson's disease (pd) is characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (sn), resulting in tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Carina C Ferrari, Rodolfo Tarell. Parkinson's disease and systemic inflammation. Parkinson's disease. vol 2011. 2011-07-14. PMID:21403862. |
in parkinson's disease (pd), inflammation was mainly associated with microglia activation that can underlie the neurodegeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (sn). |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Penny A Macdonald, Oury Monch. Differential effects of dopaminergic therapies on dorsal and ventral striatum in Parkinson's disease: implications for cognitive function. Parkinson's disease. vol 2011. 2011-07-14. PMID:21437185. |
whereas dorsal striatum receives dopamine input from the substantia nigra (sn), ventral striatum is innervated by dopamine-producing cells in the ventral tegmental area (vta). |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Joanne Clark, Ying Dai, David K Simo. Do somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations contribute to Parkinson's disease? Parkinson's disease. vol 2011. 2011-07-14. PMID:21603185. |
somatic mtdna point mutations and deletions accumulate with age and reach high levels in substantia nigra (sn) neurons. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| Anna R Carta, Augusta Pisanu, Ezio Carbon. Do PPAR-Gamma Agonists Have a Future in Parkinson's Disease Therapy? Parkinson's disease. vol 2011. 2011-07-14. PMID:21603186. |
moreover, after the discovery of infiltrating activated limphocytes in the substantia nigra (sn) of pd patients, most recent research supports a role of immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathological process leading to chronic neuroinflammation and dopaminergic degeneration. |
2011-07-14 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| Yongqian Zhang, Lin Wang, Xiaoling Mu, Jinyan Duan, Yong Zhu, Hong Qing, Yujuan Li, Shengyuan Xiao, Yulin Den. Assessment of salsolinol N-methyltransferase activity in rat peripheral lymphocytes by liquid chromatography-electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. vol 399. issue 10. 2011-07-12. PMID:21327627. |
the validated method was successfully applied for the determination of snmt activity in both the substantia nigra (sn) and peripheral lymphocytes of a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion model of parkinson's disease in rats. |
2011-07-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Brittany N Dugger, Michael Tu, Melissa E Murray, Dennis W Dickso. Disease specificity and pathologic progression of tau pathology in brainstem nuclei of Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. Neuroscience letters. vol 491. issue 2. 2011-07-05. PMID:21236314. |
tau burden was also assessed in two unrelated brainstem nuclei (substantia nigra (sn) and pedunculopontine nucleus (ppn)) of the same cases. |
2011-07-05 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| James B Koprich, Tom H Johnston, Philippe Huot, M Gabriela Reyes, Maria Espinosa, Jonathan M Brotchi. Progressive neurodegeneration or endogenous compensation in an animal model of Parkinson's disease produced by decreasing doses of alpha-synuclein. PloS one. vol 6. issue 3. 2011-07-05. PMID:21408191. |
the pathological hallmarks of parkinson's disease (pd) are degeneration of dopamine (da) neurons of the substantia nigra (sn) and the presence of alpha-synuclein (α-syn)-rich lewy bodies in da cells that remain. |
2011-07-05 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Dan Xu, Bradley Karain, Eileen Brantley, Wei-Xing Sh. Effects of L-DOPA on nigral dopamine neurons and local field potential: comparison with apomorphine and muscimol. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. vol 337. issue 2. 2011-06-21. PMID:21330359. |
using in vivo recording, we compared the effect of l-dopa and the direct da agonist apomorphine on da neurons in rat substantia nigra (sn). |
2011-06-21 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Letaïef Rekik, Véronique Daguin-Nerrière, Jean-Yves Petit, Philippe Brache. γ-Aminobutyric acid type B receptor changes in the rat striatum and substantia nigra following intrastriatal quinolinic acid lesions. Journal of neuroscience research. vol 89. issue 4. 2011-06-10. PMID:21290407. |
animals received a unilateral intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid (qa), and gaba(b) immunoreactivity was monitored 3, 11, and 21 days postinjection in the striatum and substantia nigra (sn). |
2011-06-10 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Sebastian Horowski, Uwe K Zettl, Reiner Benecke, Uwe Walte. Sonographic basal ganglia alterations are related to non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Journal of neurology. vol 258. issue 2. 2011-06-08. PMID:20740288. |
in ms patients, transcranial sonography (tcs) shows neurodegenerative disease-like lesions of the substantia nigra (sn) and basal ganglia, thought to reflect iron accumulation. |
2011-06-08 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Jung Ho Ryu, Myung Sik Lee, Jong Sam Bai. Sonographic abnormalities in idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) and RLS in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism & related disorders. vol 17. issue 3. 2011-06-07. PMID:21183393. |
we aimed to investigate and compare sonographic abnormalities in the substantia nigra (sn) in patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome (irls), those with rls and parkinson's disease (rls-pd), those with idiopathic parkinson's disease (ipd), and healthy controls. |
2011-06-07 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| Walter Maetzler, Stefan P Schmid, Isabel Wurster, Inga Liepelt, Alexandra Gaenslen, Thomas Gasser, Daniela Ber. Reduced but not oxidized cerebrospinal fluid glutathione levels are lowered in Lewy body diseases. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. vol 26. issue 1. 2011-06-06. PMID:20842692. |
reduced (gsh(r)) but not oxidized glutathione (gssg) has been shown to be dramatically altered in the substantia nigra (sn) of lewy body disease (lbd) patients post mortem; but up to now, there is no convincing evidence that these changes can be monitored in vivo. |
2011-06-06 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| A Vlaar, S C Tromp, W E Weber, R M Hustinx, W H Mes. The reliability of transcranial duplex scanning in parkinsonian patients: comparison of different observers and ultrasound systems. Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980). vol 32 Suppl 1. 2011-06-03. PMID:20094977. |
to establish the inter-observer and intra-transducer reliability of "on-line" and "off-line" assessment of substantia nigra (sn) and raphe nuclei (rn) by transcranial duplex scanning (tcd) in a mixed study population. |
2011-06-03 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S Nullmeier, P Panther, H Dobrowolny, M Frotscher, S Zhao, H Schwegler, R Wol. Region-specific alteration of GABAergic markers in the brain of heterozygous reeler mice. The European journal of neuroscience. vol 33. issue 4. 2011-05-31. PMID:21226776. |
in the present study using immunocytochemical procedures, we investigated hrm and wild-type mice (wt) for differences in the numbers and densities of glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad)67 and parvalbumin (parv)-immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the hippocampus, tyrosine hydroxylase (th)-ir neurons in the ventral tegmental area (vta) and substantia nigra (sn), and serotonin transporter (5-ht-t)-ir neurons of the raphe nuclei. |
2011-05-31 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |